App::Framework::Feature::Sql - MySql interface


NAME

Sql - MySql interface


SYNOPSIS

use App::Framework::Feature::Sql ;


DESCRIPTION

Provides a simplified interface to MySQL via DBI.

Fields

        'host'          => MySql host [default=localhost]
        'database'      => Database name (required)
        'table'         => Table name
        'user'          => User name (required)
        'password'      => Password (required)
        
        'trace'         => Sql debug trace level (default=0)
        'trace_file'=> If specified, output trace information to file (default=STDOUT)
        
        'prepare'       => HASH ref to one or more STH definitions (as required by L<sth_create()>)
                                   Each HASH entry is of the form:
                                   
                                   'name' => (specification as per L<sth_create()>)
                                   
                                   Where 'name' is the name used when the STH is created

%CMD_SQL - Parse control hash

Variables get created with the name

        * $sqlvar_<context>
        
where <context> is the hash key. This created variable contains the sql for this command or option.

If the control hash entry contains a 'vals' entry, then the following variable is created:

        * @sqlvar_<context>

This will be a text string containing something like "@sqlvar_select_vals,@sqlvar_where_vals" i.e. a comma seperated list of references to other arrays. These values will be expanded into a real array before use in the sql prepare.

Also, as each entry is processed, extra variables are created:

        * $sqlvar_<context>_prefix      - Prefix string for this entry
        * $sqlvar_<context>_format      - Just the same as sqlvar_<context>

Specification variables

This control hash is used to direct processing of the SQL specification passed to sth_create(). If the spec contains a 'vars' field then these additional variables are created in the context:

        * $sqlvar_<context>_varlist     - List of the 'vars' in the format `var`, `var` ..
        * $sqlvar_<context>_andlist     - List of the 'vars' in the format `var` AND `var` ..
        * $sqlvar_<context>_varlist     - List of the 'vars' in the format `var`=?, `var`=? ..

If the spec has a 'vals' entry, then these are pushed on to an ARRAY ref and stored in:

        * @sqlvar_<context>_vals

@sqlvar_<context>_vals = Real ARRAY ref (provided by the spec) @sqlvar_<context> = String in the format "@sqlvar_select_vals,@sqlvar_where_vals" (provided by parse control hash)

CONSTRUCTOR

new([%args])

Create a new Sql object.

The %args are specified as they would be in the set method, for example:

        'mmap_handler' => $mmap_handler

The full list of possible arguments are :

        'fields'        => Either ARRAY list of valid field names, or HASH of field names with default values

CLASS METHODS

init_class([%args])

Initialises the Sql object class variables.

OBJECT DATA METHODS

set(%args)

Set one or more settable parameter.

The %args are specified as a hash, for example

        set('mmap_handler' => $mmap_handler)

Sets field values. Field values are expressed as part of the HASH (i.e. normal field => value pairs).

OBJECT METHODS

Sql->prepare($prepare_href)

Use HASH ref to create 1 or more STHs

Sql->trace(@args)

Change trace level

Sql->trace_file(@args)

Change trace file

Sql->connect(%args)

Connects to database. Either uses pre-set values for user/password/database, or can use optionally specified args

Sql->disconnect()

Disconnect from database (if connected)

Sql->sth_create($name, $spec)

Prepare a named SQL query & store it for later execution by query_sth()

Name is saved as $name. Certain names are 'special':

 ins*   - Create an 'insert' type command
 upd*   - Create an 'update' type command
 sel*   - Create a 'select' type command
 check* - Create a 'select' type command
 
The $spec is either a SCALAR or HASH ref

If $spec is a SCALAR then it is in the form of sql. Note, when the query is executed the values (if required) must be specified.

If $spec is a HASH ref then it can contain the following fields:

        'cmd'   => Command type: 'insert', 'update', 'select'
        'vars'  => ARRAY ref list of variable names (used for 'insert', 'update')
        'vals'  => Provides values to be used in the query (no extra values need to be specified). HASH ref or ARRAY ref. 
                   HASH ref - the hash is used to look up the values using the 'vars' names
                   ARRAY ref - list of values (or refs to values)
                   NOTE: If insufficient values are provided for the query, then the remaining values must be specified in the query call
        'sql'   => Sql string.
                           NOTE: Depending on the command type, if the command is not specified then a default will be prepended to this string.
        'table' => Overrides the object table setting for this query
        'limit' => Sets the limit on the number of results
        'group' => Specify group by string
        'where' => Where clause. String or HASH ref.
                           String - specify sql for where clause (can omit 'WHERE' prefix)
                           HASH ref - specify where clause as HASH:  
                                        'sql' => Used to specify more complicated where clauses (e.g. '`pid`=? AND `channel`=?')
                                        'vars'  => ARRAY ref list of variable names (used for 'where'). If no 'sql' is specified, then the where clause
                                                           is created by ANDing the vars together (e.g. [qw/pid channel/] gives '`pid`=? AND `channel`=?')
                                        'vals'  => Provides values to be used in the query (no extra values need to be specified). HASH ref or ARRAY ref.

EXAMPLES

The following are all (almost) equivalent:

        $sql->sth_create('check',  {
                                        'table' => '$table',
                                        'limit' => 1,
                                        'where' => {
                                                'sql' => '`pid`=? AND `channel`=?',
                                                'vars'  => [qw/pid channel/],
                                                'vals'  => \%sql_vars
                                        }) ;
        $sql->sth_create('check2',  {
                                        'table' => '$table',
                                        'limit' => 1,
                                        'where' => '`pid`=? AND `channel`=?',# need to pass in extra params to query method
                                        }}) ;
        $sql->sth_create('check3',  "SELECT * FROM `$table` WHERE `pid`=? AND `channel`=? LIMIT 1") ;
        
        $sql->sth_create('select',  "WHERE `pid`=? AND `channel`=? LIMIT 1") ;

They are then used as:

        $sql->sth_query('check') ; # already given it's parameters
        $sql->sth_query('check2', $pid, $channel) ;
        $sql->sth_query('check3', $pid, $channel) ;
        $sql->sth_query('select', $pid, $channel) ;
Sql->sth_query($name, [@vals])

Use a pre-prepared named sql query to return results. If the query has already been given a set of values, then use them; otherwise use the values specified in this call (or append the values to an insufficient list of values given when the sth was created)

Sql->sth_query_all($name, [@vals])

Use a pre-prepared named sql query to return results. Return all results in array.

Sql->query($query [, @vals])

Query database

Sql->query_all($query)

Query database - return array of complete results, each entry is a hash ref

Sql->do($sql)

Do sql command

Sql->do_sql_text($sql_text)

Process the SQL text, split it into one or more SQL command, then execute each of them

Sql->next([$name])

Returns hash ref to next row (as a result of query). Uses prepared STH name $name (as created by sth_create method), or default name (as created by query method)

Sql->tables()

Returns list of tables for this database

Sql->datestr_to_sqldate($datestr)

Convert standard date string (d-MMM-YYYY) or (d/M/YY) to SQL based date (YYYY-MM-DD)


=cut

sub datestr_to_sqldate { my $this = shift ; my ($datestr) = @_ ;

        my $sqldate ;

#print "datestr_to_sqldate($datestr)\n" ;


        if ($datestr =~ m/(\d{2})\-(\d{2})\-(\d{4})/)
        {
                $sqldate = "$3-$2-$1" ;
#print " + simple : date=$sqldate\n" ;
        }
        else
        {
                # Handle d-MMM-YYYY (already copes with d/M/YY)
                $datestr =~ s%-%/%g ;
                my $date = ParseDate($datestr) ;
                $sqldate = UnixDate($date, "%Y-%m-%d") ;
#print " + UnixDate : date=$sqldate\n" ;
        }

        return $sqldate ;
}

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sql->sqldate_to_date($sql_date)

Convert SQL based date (YYYY-MM-DD) to standard date string (d-MMM-YYYY)


=cut

sub sqldate_to_date { my $this = shift ; my ($sqldate) = @_ ;

        my $datestr ;
        if ($sqldate =~ m/(\d{4})\-(\d{2})\-(\d{2})/)
        {
                $datestr = "$3-$2-$1" ;
        }
        else
        {
                $sqldate =~ s%-%/%g ;
                my $date = ParseDate($sqldate) ;
                $datestr = UnixDate($date, "%d-%m-%Y") ;
                
                        }
        return $datestr ;
        }

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sql->sqldate_to_datemanip($sql_date)

Convert SQL based date (YYYY-MM-DD) to a date string suitable for Date::Manip (d/M/YYYY)


=cut

sub sqldate_to_datemanip { my $this = shift ; my ($sqldate) = @_ ;

        my $datestr ;
        if ($sqldate =~ m/(\d{4})\-(\d{2})\-(\d{2})/)
        {
                $datestr = "$3/$2/$1" ;
        }
        else
        {
                $sqldate =~ s%-%/%g ;
                my $date = ParseDate($sqldate) ;
                $datestr = UnixDate($date, "%d/%m/%Y") ;
                
                        }
        return $datestr ;
        }

#----------------------------------------------------------------------------

App::Framework::Core->sql_from_data($name)

NOTE: Only works when feature is registered with an application

Execute the (possible sequence of) command(s) stored in a named __DATA__ area in the application.

Sql->_sql_cmd($name)

Convert $name into a sql command if possible

Sql->_sql_setvars($context, $spec, $vars_href)

Set/add variables into the $vars_href HASH driven by the specification $spec (which may be a sql string or a HASH specification). Creates the variables in the namespace defined by the $context string (which is usually the lookup string into the %CMD_SQL table)

Sql->_sql_expand_vars($vars_href)

Expand all the variables in the HASH ref

Sql->_sql_expand_arrays($vars_href)

Expand all the array variables in the HASH ref

Sql->_sql_expand_array($arr, $vars_href)

Expand the named array

Sql->_sth_record($name)

Returns the saved sth information looked up from $name; returns undef otherwise

Sql->_sth_record_sth($name)

Returns the saved sth looked up from $name; returns undef otherwise

Sql->_set_trace($dbh, $trace, $trace_file)

Update trace level


DIAGNOSTICS

Setting the debug flag to level 1 prints out (to STDOUT) some debug messages, setting it to level 2 prints out more verbose messages.


AUTHOR

Steve Price <sdprice at cpan.org>


BUGS

None that I know of!

NOTE: To avoid the common "Mysql server gone away" problem, everywhere that I get the database connection handle, I actually call the connect() method to ensure the connection is working.

 App::Framework::Feature::Sql - MySql interface